Encryption
Authentication
Authorization
Firewall
A home with advanced security systems
A home with automated and connected devices
A home with only Wi-Fi connectivity
A home with virtual reality technology
Industrial IoT (IIoT)
Consumer IoT (CIoT)
IoT in Healthcare
IoT in Agriculture
Measure physical quantities
Transmit data to the cloud
Receive and process data
Perform actions based on received data
Peer-to-Peer (P2P)
Client-Server
Publish-Subscribe
Point-to-Multipoint
Processing data on the cloud server
Processing data on the IoT device itself
Decentralized processing at the network edge
Transmitting data over a foggy environment
Smart Refrigerator
Smart Thermostat
Fitness Tracker
Smart TV
Control device power consumption
Facilitate secure communication between devices
Transmit data at high speeds
Stream videos from IoT devices
Encrypt data during transmission
Verify the authenticity and integrity of data
Control access to IoT devices
Provide power to IoT devices
Bus Topology
Star Topology
Ring Topology
Mesh Topology
Connect devices to the cloud
Measure and collect data from the environment
Encrypt communication between devices
4G LTE
Zigbee
LoRaWAN
Satellite Communication
Control the flow of messages
Ensure data security
Specify the reliability of message delivery
Smart Agriculture
Vehicular IoT (VIoT)
A device that connects IoT devices to the internet
A central server that processes all IoT data
A wireless protocol for IoT communication
A security measure for IoT devices
Data Link Layer
Transport Layer
Application Layer
Network Layer
Lower power consumption
Increased security
Larger address space
Faster data transmission
Denial of Service (DoS) attacks
Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks
Physical tampering
Lack of encryption
HTTP
CoAP
MQTT
TCP
Process analog signals
Provide internet connectivity
Perform digital signal processing tasks
Control power consumption
