Operators in C

One of the most important features of C is that it has a very rich set of built in operators including arithmetic, relational, logical, and bitwise operators.

An operator can be any symbol like + - * / that specifies what operation need to be performed on the data.

For ex: + indicates addition operation
* indicates multiplication operation

An operand can be a constant or a variable.

An expression is combination of operands and operators that reduces to a single value.

For ex: Consider the following expression a + b here a and b are operands, while + is an operator.

Types of C operators
C language offers many types of operators.
Arithmetic operators.
Assignment operators.
Relational operators.
Logical operators.
Bit wise operators.
Conditional operators (ternary operators).
Increment/decrement operators.
Special operators.

Arithmetic Operators

An arithmetic operator performs mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction and multiplication on numerical values (constants and variables).

Operator	Description
+	Addition
-	Subtraction
*	Multiplication
/	Division
%	Modulus (Remainder )

Assignment Operators in C

An assignment operator is used for assigning a value to a variable. The most common assignment operator is =

It assign the value from right to left side variable.

Operator	Description	Explanation
=	Simple Equal	C = A + B will assign the value of A + B to C
+=	Add & assignment	C += A is equivalent to C = C + A
-=	Subtract & assignment	C -= A is equivalent to C = C - A
*=	Multiply & assignment	C = A is equivalent to C = C A
/=	Divide & assignment	C /= A is equivalent to C = C / A
%=	Modulus & assignment	C %= A is equivalent to C = C % A

Relational Operators in C

A relational operator checks the relationship between two operands. If the relation is true, it returns 1; if the relation is false, it returns value 0.

Relational operators are used in decision making and loops.

Operator	Description
>	greater than
<	less than
>=	greater than or equal to
<=	less than or equal to
==	equal to
!=	not equal to

Logical Operators in C

Logical operators are used to combine two or more condition for building complex expression.

Operator	Operator Name	Description
&&	AND	Logical AND. True only if all operands are true
\|\|	OR	Logical OR. True only if either one operand is true
!	NOT	Logical NOT. True only if the operand is 0

Increment and Decrement Operators in C

Increment operators are used to increase the value of the variable by one and decrement operators are used to decrease the value of the variable by one in C programs.

Type of Increment Operator

Pre increment/decrement Operator (++a, --a)
Post increment/decrement Operator (a++, a--)

In pre increment / decrement first increment/decrement the value of variable and then used inside the expression (initialize into another variable)

In post-increment / decrement first value of variable is used in the expression (initialize into another variable) and then increment / decrement the value of variable.

Conditional Operator in C

The conditional operator (? :) is a ternary operator. This operator needs 3 operands to perform the operation.

Syntax:

Variable = <test expression> ? <expression 1> : <expression 2>

<test expression> ? <expression 1> : <expression 2>

The conditional operator works as follows:

Test Expression is Condition

Expression 1 is Statement Followed if Condition is True

Expression 2 is Statement Followed if Condition is False

Example 1:

int num1=10,num2=20,max;
max=(num1>num2)?num1:num2;
printf("Max is %d",max);

The output is:

max is 20

Example 2:

int num=45;
(num%2==0)?printf("Number is Even"):printf("Number is Odd");

The Output is:

Number is Odd